改革开放　　reform and opening-up; reform and opening to the outside world
改革开放的总设计师　　chief architect of the reform and opening up policy
改革开放和社会主义现代化建设　　reform and opening and in the modernization drive
改革试点　　pilot reform; reform experimentation; pilot restructuring enterprise
盖洛普民意调查　　Gallup Poll
盖帽了　　great; excellent; wonderful
概念车　　concept car
概念商品　　concept goods

改善农民进城就业环境　　improve the employment environment for rural workers in cities
改善农牧民生产生活条件　　improve the living and production conditions of farmers and herdsmen
改善缺医少药的状况　　alleviate the shortage of medical services and medicines
改制上市　　(of an enterprise)get listed on the stock market after being re-organized according the modern corporate system
改革开放和现代化建设的全过程　　the entire process of reform, opening-up and modernization
干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化　　make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent
干部下放　　arrange for cadres to go to work at grassroots units or participate in physical labor
感到不妙　　I smell a rat.
尴尬，困境，糟糕　　pretty pass
甘居下游　　be resigned to backwardness
感情投资　　investment in human relationships
赶时髦　　follow the fashion; want to be in the swim of things
干细胞　　stem cell
感谢款待的信　　a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well as someone’s guest)
港澳台　　Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan
港人治港　　Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong
岗位津贴　　post allowance
岗位培训　　on-the-job training
岗位责任制　 work post responsibility
港务局　　port office; harbor authority
高保真音乐　　hi-fi music
高材生　　top student
高层次、全方位的对话　　high-level and all-directional dialogue
高产优质　　high yield and high quality
告吹　　fizzle out; fall through; fail
高等教育“211工程”　　the “211″ Project for higher education
高等教育自学考试　　self-study higher education examination
高度自治　　high degree of autonomy
高端产品　　high-end product
高发期　　high-incidence season
高分低能　　high scores and low abilities
高峰　　peak time
高峰论坛　　summit forum
高干　　high-ranking official; senior cadre
高杠杆交易机构　　highly-leveraged institutions(HLI)
高官会　　Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)
搞花架子　　do something superficial
搞活国营大中型企业　　invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises
告急　　be in an emergency; report an emergency; ask for emergency help
高级检察官　　senior public procurator
高级经理人员　　high-level managerial personnel; senior personnel
高级商务师　　certified business executive; senior business engineer; high-level economist; senior commercialist
高级设备　　sophisticated equipment
高技术产业化　　apply high technology to production
高架公路　　elevated highway; overhead road
高架轻轨　　elevated railway
高精尖技术　　high-grade, high-precision, advanced technology
高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想　　hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of “Three Represents”
高考　　college (or university) entrance examination
高科技板块　　high-tech sector
高难度动作　　stunner, stunt
高清晰度　　high definition
高清晰度电视　　high definition TV
高手　　master hand, expert
（精通电脑和网络的）高手　　geek
高危人群　　high-risk group
高消费　　high consumption
高效节能　　energy-efficient
高校扩招后首批毕业生　　college graduates who were the first to be enrolled under the college expansion of 1999
高校扩招计划　　college expansion plan
告小状　　secretly report on somebody; rat on somebody
高新技术产业开发区　　high-tech industrial development zone
高新技术产业化　　industrial application of new and high technologies
高压手段　　high-pressure tactics
高原反应，高山反应　　altitude stress; altitude sickness
高知　　high-level intellectual
高指标　　high target
高致病性禽流感　　highly pathogenic bird flu
个案　　individual case (involving special circumstances)
各大菜系　　major styles of cooking
个股　　individual share
各行各业　　every walk of life
隔行扫描　　interlacing scan
各尽所能　　let each person do his best; from each according to his ability
各就各位　　On your marks!
隔离病房　　isolation ward
（公路）隔离带　　median strip
格列佛游记　　Gulliver’s Travels
革命老区　　old revolutionary base areas
革命气派　　revolutionary mettle
革命伤残军人　　disabled revolutionary servicemen
鸽派　　dove faction
个人成就感　　sense of personal achievement
个人储蓄帐户　　personal savings account
个人购房贷款　　individual housing loan
个人结算帐户　　personal clearing account
个人理财计划　　personal financing plan
各人民团体　　mass organizations
个人收入应税申报制度　　the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment
个人收入调节税　　individual (personal) income regulation tax
个人数字助理　　PDA (personal digital assistant)
个人所得税　　personal income tax
个人信用制度　　individual credit rating system
个人演唱会　　solo concert
个人银行卡帐户　　personal bank card account
个人质押贷款　　personal pledged loan
各人自扫门前雪， 莫管他人瓦上霜　　hoe one’s own potatoes
个体户，个体经营　　privately or individually-owned business
个体经济　　private economy
根本政治制度　　fundamental political system
跟屁虫　　1.one’s shadow; to tag along; 2. flatterer, boot licker, ass-kisser, brown-noser
跟着感觉走　　go with the flow; follow one’s heart; do what one thinks is right
跟踪审计　　follow-up auditing
更加注重搞好宏观调控，更加注重统筹兼顾，更加注重以人为本　　pay more attention to exercising macro-control, balancing the interests of all parties, putting people first.
更快、更高、更强（奥运精神）　　Citius, Altius, Fortius ( Faster, Higher, Stronger–Olympic Spirit )
《更紧密经贸关系的安排》　　CEPA; Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement
个人隐私　　individual privacy
各种所有制金融企业　　financial enterprises of different ownership
工笔　　traditional Chinese realistic painting
C C P领导下的多党合作与政治协商　　multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist Party
工程公司　　engineering company
工程验收　　acceptance check of work
公房商品化　　commercialization of public housing
公费旅游　　junket; facility trip
公费医疗　　free medical service; free medicare; public health service
功夫不负有心人　　Everything comes to him who waits.
工夫茶　　congou–a kind of Chinese black tea prepared with care
功夫片　　kungfu film
公告板服务　　Bulletin Board Service (BBS)
公共卫生设施　　public health infrastructure
公关　　public relations
攻关　　tackle a critical point
攻关计划　　the Program for Tackling Key Problems
公积金　　public accumulation fund; public reserve funds
公检法机关　　public security organs, procuratorial organs and people’s courts
公开喊价市场　　open outcry market
公款吃喝　　recreational activities using public funds
工龄工资　　seniority pay
公民投票　　referendum; plebiscite
公平定价　　arm’s-length pricing
公平合理　　fairness and justifiableness
工商局　　industrial and commercial bureau
工商联营　　combined management of industry and commerce
工时　　man-hour
公司分立与解散　　separation and dissolution of a company
公私合营　　public-private joint management
公司债券　　corporate bonds
共同安全　　common security
共同富裕　　common prosperity
共同利益　　common interests
公务员　　civil servant
恭喜发财　　May you be prosperous! Wish you prosperity.
工薪阶层　　salaried person/group
公休　　work recess
供养资金　　funding
工业股票　　industrial stock
工业化和城镇化水平　　levels of industrialization and urbanization
工业控制一体化　　integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration
工业停滞　　industrial stagnation
工业园区　　industrial park
公益广告　　public-interest ad
公益活动　　public benefit activities
公益林 　　public welfare forest
公益性文化事业　　non-profit cultural undertakings
公证　　notary service
公证财产　　notarize the properties
公正、公平、公开　　just, fair and open
公众投资　　public investments
工资税　　payroll tax
工资削减　　pay-cut
工作狂　　workaholic
工作室　　studio
工作午餐　　working lunch
公平竞争　　fair competition
公开或变相涨价　　to raise prices openly or in convert forms
公司犯罪　　corporate abuse / crime / cheat / fraud / wrongdoing / misconduct
共同关心的问题　　issue of common concern
共同基金　　mutual funds
公有制　　public ownership
公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度　　the basic economic system of keeping public ownership as the mainstay of the economy and allowing diverse forms of ownership to develop side by side
购买力　　purchasing power
购买欲　　desire to buy; desire to purchase
狗腿子　　henchman; lackey; hired thug
购物车　　shopping trolley
购物券　　coupon
构想　　conceptualization
狗仔队　　”dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists who are hunting the news of celebrities.)”
股本　　share capital
股本回报率　　return on equity
股本金　　equity capital
固定电话运营商　　fixed-line telecom carrier
固定电话初装费　　installation fees for fixed-line telephones
固定资产投资　　investment in the fixed assets
股东会　　board of shareholders
股份公司　　joint-stock company
股份合作制　　shareholding cooperative system
有限责任公司　　limited liability company
股份有限公司　　limited liability company
股份制　　shareholding system; joint-stock system
骨干企业　　key enterprise
鼓励奖　　consolation prize
股民　　investor
股票期权　　the stock option
股票转让制度　　the stock-transfer system
股市行情　　the ups and downs of the stock market
股指　　stock index
刮鼻子　　criticize; reprimand
挂靠　　be attached or affiliated to; be subordinate to
挂靠户　　an adjunct organization
挂牌开业　　hang out one’s shingle; put one’s name plate in (a certain street)
挂职　　(1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself); (2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one’s position in the previous unit
挂职下放　　transfer to lower units with one’s post retained
关闭效应　　blackout effect
观潮派　　those who take a wait-and-see attitude; fence-straddler
观光电梯　　sightseeing (tourist) lift
关联交易　　connected transaction
关贸总协定（世界贸易组织的前身）　　GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
关门态度　　closed-door attitude
官商　　state-operated commerce
关税壁垒　　customs barrier; tariff wall
关税配额　　tariff quota
关停并转　　close down, suspend operation, merge with others or shift to different line of production; rationalize
观望态度　　wait-and-see attitude
关系网　　connection network; relationship network
关于进一步加强农村教育工作的决定　　Decision on Further Strengthening Rural Education
冠状病毒　　corona virus
广播电视大学　　radio and television university
光碟，光盘　　compact disk; CD
广而告之　　publicize widely
广告词　　jingle
广告代理行　　advertising agent
广告电话直销　　direct response advertising
广告画　　poster
广告妙语　　attention-getter
广告人　　advertising man; adman
广告宣传车　　loudspeaker van; sound truck
光谷　　optical valley
光机电一体化　　”optical, mechanical and electronic integration”
广交会　　The China Export Commodities Fair
广开财路　　make full use of all talents
广开就业门路　　create more employment opportunities
光缆　　optic cable
光盘杂志　　CD-ROM magazine
光通信　　photo-communication; optical communication
广域网　　wide area network (WAN)
广种薄收　　extensive cultivation; wide sowing but meager harvest—a method of cultivation: the cultivated area is large but the per area yield is relatively low
管理办法　　measures for administration
管理规定　　provisions on administration
管理条例　　regulations on administration
关税下调　　tariff reduction
固定汇率　　fixed exchange rate
股份制改造　　shareholding reform
规避　　circumvention
轨道站　　orbit station
规范分配秩序　　Rationalize the relations of income distribution
规范民办教育　　standardize non-government funded schools
归国留学生　　returned students
归口管理　　put under centralized management by specialized departments; centralized management by specified departments
规模经济　　scale economy, economies of scale
规模经营　　scale management
规模效益　　scale merit
归侨　　returned overseas Chinese
皈依三宝　　become a Buddhist
轨道舱　　orbital module
滚雪球　　snowball–(of a plan, problem, etc.) to grow bigger on an increasing rate
国奥队　　the National Olympic Team
国产化率　　import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components
过度放牧　　overgraze
过度开垦　　excess land reclamation
过度投资行业　　over-invested industries
国防动员体制　　the mobilization for national defense\the mobilization system for national defense
国防科工委　　State Commission of Science and Technology for National Defense Industry
国货　　domestics
过火　　go too far
国际奥委会　　the International Olympic Committee (IOC)
国际标准化组织　　ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
国际承诺　　international commitments
国际公认的警戒线　　internationally accepted alarm level
国际惯例　　international common practice
国际海域　　international waters
国际化战略　　internationalization strategy
国际货币基金组织　　IMF (International Monetary Fund)
国际禁止化学武器组织　　organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons (OPCW)
国际恐怖主义　　international terrorism
国际劳工组织　　ILO (International Labor Organization)
国际联盟　　international coalition
国际贸易伙伴　　international trading partner
国计民生　　the national economy and the people’s livelihood
《国际民用航空公约》(1944)　　The International Civil Aviation Covenant
国际清算　　international settlement
国际日期变更线　　International Date Line (IDL)
国际商业机器公司　　International Business Machine Corporation (IBM)
国际社会　　the international community
国际收支不平衡　　disequilibrium of balance of payment
国际玩笑　　play a large-scale joke
《国际先驱论坛报》　　International Herald Tribune
国际自然保护联盟　　International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
国际足球联盟　　Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)
国家财政贴息贷款　　discount government loan
国家创新体系　　state innovation system
国家环保总局　　State Environmental Protection Administration
国家级特殊津贴　　special state allowance
国家级卫生城市　　state-level hygiene city
国家经济体制改革委员会　　the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems
国家控股公司　　state-controlling company
国家普通话水平考试　　National Proficiency Test of Putonghua
国家体育总局　　State Physical Culture Administration
国家外汇储备　　state foreign exchange reserves
国家一级保护　　first-grade State protection
国家质量技术监督局　　the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
国家中长期科学和技术发展规划　　a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development
国家重点科技攻关项目　　national key scientific and technological project
国脚　　player of the national football team; footballer of the national team
过境签证　　transit visa
国库券　　treasury bonds
过劳死　　karoshi; death from overwork
国民党　　Kuomintang
国民经济的综合平衡　　overall balance in national economy
国民经济支柱产业　　pillar industry in national economy
国民生产总值　　gross national product (GNP)
国内生产总值　　gross domestic product (GDP)
国内游　　inbound tourism
过山车　　roller coaster
国事访问　　state visit
过失赔偿责任；无过失赔偿责任　　liability with fault；liability without fault
过失责任　　liability of fault
国书　　state credentials
国泰民安　　The country flourishes and people live in peace
国土资源部　　Ministry of Land and Resources
国土资源管理　　land and resources administration
国外旅游　　overseas travel
国务卿　　Secretary Of State (in America)
过硬　　have a perfect mastery of
过犹不及　　going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little
国有独资商业银行　　wholly state-funded commercial bank
国有股　　state-owned shares
国有股减持　　state stock reduction; reduce state’s stake in listed companies
国有及国有控股工业企业　　state-owned industrial enterprises and enterprises whose controlling stake was owned by the state
国有企业股份制改革继续推进　　fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies
国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨　　integrate the subsistence allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insurance system
国有商业银行股份制改造试点方案　　pilot plan to transform state-owned commercial banks into stock entities
国有资产管理体制　　State property management system
国有资产监督管理委员会　　the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission
国有资产流失　　loss of state-owned assets
国债贴息贷款　　T-bond discount loans
国债投资　　treasury bond investment
国债专项资金　　special fund for treasury bond
国债资金重点项目责任制　　the responsibility system for key projects funded by treasury bonds
果子狸　　civet cat
国家计划和财政政策、货币政策等相互配合的宏观调控体系　　the macro-economic regulation system by integrating State planning with fiscal and monetary policies
国家审判权　　the judicial authority of the State
国际部队　　international forces
国际关系民主化　　practice democracy in international relations
国际社会　　international community
国情　　national conditions
国务委员　　state councilor
国务院令　　Decree of the State Council
国务院通知　　Circular of the State Council
国有商业银行　　State-owned commercial bank